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duration of effectiveness

Intuniv for ADHD: Metabolic Challenges

by Dr Charles Parker on February 1, 2010 · 23 comments

Burn Rate Explained

Intuniv, As With Any ADHD Medications: Watch the Burn Rate

Intuniv Posts:
This post is the fifth, with four others, documenting Intuniv Overview, Dosing Details, Drug Interactions and Addiction Indications. Please review all of these posts and the many comments [over 150] on the Overview post to see what readers are saying about Intuniv, this interesting new ADHD non-stimulant medication.

Burn Rate:
If you have been reading CorePsych Blog you will note that I have been writing about my new book, – and the good news, it’s finished, and in edit at this moment – I do hope to get it out by March ‘10. The Patient’s Guide for ADHD Medications: What To Do When Nothing Is Working details an entire chapter on Burn Rate, as everyone who takes ADHD meds should absolutely master the burn rate principle.

This Specific Q & A:
- Is an example of the many Intuniv questions, challenges and positive remarks in these several posts:

Question About 8 yo Boy, Picky Eater and Metabolic Challenges:
“I have just stumbled across you and this site in my research into Intuniv. My son just recently turned 8 and was diagnosed with ADHD this past spring. As I continually read about ADHD kids Luke seems wise beyond his years, is very bright when it comes to building things, or math, and picks things up quickly when he is receiving instruction one on one or in a very small group,- but he struggles in school generally. Long story short, we started with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder diagnosis when he was six.  His primary issue seemed to be language, both receptive and expressive. An exam with an audiologist confirmed a fairly significant CAPD at the time. As he progressed in school it was obvious that ADHD was also a large part of his problems as impulsivity, restlessness, inability to attend, and defiance increased as he got older. We saw a neurologist who, after an EEG, prescribed Focalin XR. This worked like MAGIC, at first.

We started with 5mg and after about a month moved up to 10mg. He was able to focus, concentrate and made great strides in school. His language issues even seemed to improve. Now it seems the Focalin is either failing him or is the wrong drug. His ability to focus has tanked, he has become very impulsive (throwing things, slamming things on his desk) and is increasingly defiant (refuses to do work, follow directions). While other times he seems spaced out, and at home sometimes too compliant, and sometimes melancholy for no reason. With age it seems his receptive language abilities are about right, and at developmental level, but his expressive abilities are still below, which of course is leading to some frustration on his part especially when he is supposed to expressing himself through writing. We were seen by the NP in the neurologist’s office today and she suggested Intuniv. From what I’m reading it sounds like it may work for Luke but she has suggested we stay on the Focalin while we start the Intuniv? Do you agree? (She mentioned d/c’ing the Focalin eventually)

Second, in one of the posts above you mentioned something about “immune dysfunction, bowel challenges and is-he-a-picky-eater”. While Luke is rarely sick, I don’t think he has a solid BM in his life (not watery, but always very, very soft) and he would live on Mac and cheese, peanut butter and jelly and chips if I’d let him. He NEVER willingly tries anything new and is indeed very picky about what he eats. As all of this is very new to me can you shed some light on what this may have to do with anything and what to do about it – or point me to the best place to read about it? We have tried adjusting his diet, etc. in the past but because he is so picky it is very difficult to do.

An Additional Metabolic Point - Headaches
One additional thing that the NP this a.m. more or less ignored – prior to starting meds Luke would wake up in the middle of the night crying and saying his head hurt. He’d be up 30 min. or more, would eventually throw up and then go back to sleep. In the morning you’d never know anything happened. This would happen about once a month from the time he was about 6. I only recall it happening once during the day at school. Once we started Focalin those incidents ceased completely. We had our first return of that 2 nights ago. Any idea what that’s all about? Initially the neurologist said it was “interesting”but had little else to say about it.”

My Answer, Abbreviated To Stay With Metabolism and Burn Rate:
My reaction to this question and many others seen on the many comments on Intuniv and Vyvanse: We must always look at the metabolic hints, the possible changes in metabolic rate before starting the meds. They are subtle but include the following:
- History of bowel issues, too soft, too hard, constipation, diarrhea, monolithic stools, too slow in transit time,
- Developmental delay issues: CAPD, speech issues, Asperger’s, Autism,
- History of Fetal Alcohol exposure
- Headaches, stomach aches, tired all of the time, dark circles under the eyes, pale skin
- Picky Eater
- Not eating breakfast, waking with stomach issues and no appetite
- History of failure with many meds – including stimulants or non-stimulants [Intuniv, Strattera]
- Narrow Therapeutic Window
- History of food allergies even back to early childhood, e.g. “lactose intolerance”
- History of rashes, allergies, asthma, upper respiratory infections, ear infections

If we don’t look at these issues [and more] we cannot predict what the outcome with the medications will be – and every one of these issues can significantly change the underlying metabolic patterns, the amount of neurotransmitters in the body, and the cofactors that burn the neurotransmitters effectively.

Medication management now requires a full awareness of the entire pattern including nutrition [which feeds the amino acid building blocks for neurotransmitters and cofactors], – without more careful questioning at the outset we will have predictable problems – as the burn rate will vary dramatically with all of these variables. Burn rate will effect Duration of Effectiveness [DOE] – dosage patterns and speed of titration at the onset of meds.

Then, if Burn Rate varies, we must always take the next step to measure the immune dysregulations, the neurotransmitters, and the downstream endocrine issues so often found with these upstream irregularities.

Phone Consult Availability
Check out these remarks regarding how to start these reviews with a phone consult: See this post on Intuniv: Comment by Gina Pera on January 29, ‘10 2:30 PM

—>Tweet this post below! For ADHD Medications: Download complimentary white paper Precise Solutions now, – and get ready for the complete version of ‘The Patient’s Guide’ details to follow. Get Neurotransmitter Details Here

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cookie cutter stack
ADHD Medications: The Frustration of Ultrarapid Metabolizers

ADHD and Ultrarapid Metabolizers: Frustrations Facing Individualized Care with Vyvanse.

Cookie cutter medicine in psych treatment is on its way out folks – from SPECT reports to simply adjusting the dosage of medications in the office, the public knows, as do many of the informed docs, that one size, one label, one basal ganglia platitude, one description of one mood, does not fit all. – And one dosing strategy doesn’t cut it.

Functional complexity is the reason we are missing the treatment boat so often.

Each person deserves a customized approach that will individualize their care. So much of psych medicine now is throwing medication at a superficial diagnosis, or even a cookie cutter SPECT report without understanding the patient.

This brief question and comment on a recent post deserves more attention due to the prevalence of the questions regarding customizing the upper dosage of Vyvanse [video here at CorePsych]- and the science behind why finding the best dose may not be that easy with some.

Question from Daisy:

The first week on Vyvanse, everything was so clear and seemed so right, it’s hard to explain, but my brain was with me all the time. I wasn’t off daydreaming. I had never felt that good, but then it went away after a week. So, we raised the dose, but that never seemed to work again. I’m on 70 mg, I was on 30 mg that first week, so I assumed when it stopped working it was because I needed to work my way up to the appropriate dose. So, we worked up, I think there was only one or two steps in between, up to 70mg where, I am now. My dr stopped, because he says this is the highest dose, and my symptoms are just as bad as they are off the medication.

This is my 4th medicine change, I was on this first, when we got up to 70 mg, with no noticeable improvement, he took me off of this and tried, that barrel shaped one, that can’t be crushed, I can’t remember the name off-hand. That didn’t make me feel any better, then we tried Adderal XR and again no change. At this point he said those were my only options and to give up at this point, so I asked to go back on Vyvanse, and I tell him it works OK, so he doesn’t take me off of it and leave me with nothing, as he was going to do before and I thought I could play with the dosing on my own, to see if I can get it to work again. I want that week back, that week of feeling clear headed and coherent. Of knowing what was going on around me and understanding people when they talk to me.

The Problem of Ultrarapid Metabolism - My Answer

Without a few more details this sounds at first like you were right: a good example of too much too fast – too rapid a titration, not leaving about 1-2 weeks near the top dose before increasing to the next, and, as you point out, no appropriate slow steps in between. With adults I rarely go faster than 10 mg increase every 1-2 weeks, watching carefully for that expected 2 hr increase in DOE in the PM with that carefully adjusted dose – and I fully admit I am very conservative. The only problem with that process in my office is the patient’s becoming impatient, as I rarely create a drug excess with that protocol.

Many docs feel the same way yours does, as they stay only with the package insert. He is simply following the ‘insert rules’ as Vyvanse is a controlled product, and just as I have almost no experience writing for antibiotics – and simply won’t write for them – he is simply doing a good job following guidelines.

My possible contribution to this conundrum is a mix of common sense and experience over the time that Vyvanse has been out – with a dose of clear science about the CYP 450 genetic polymorphisms of 2D6 [see the many posts here].

1. Common sense: Adults already often go over 30 mg Adderall XR [roughly = 70 mg Vyvanse] regularly – and can be titrated based upon watching carefully for the DOE as outlined in this post. If your medical person goes very slowly they will not have a problem, and I don’t recommend that you ‘play with the dose’ – even tho your doc may not be working with you at this moment – do stay tuned with your medical team with your actions, or you very likely will loose [justifiably so] their medical support.

2. Experience: I do go up past 70 mg in dose at times, and have heard whilst in CA last week that some have not only gone up to 400mg, but have recommended simply ‘going to the top’ without careful titration, a practice I completely dismiss as dangerous. I always steer completely away from an answer to the question of ‘just what is your top dose?’ because that discussion drives practitioners away from the essential practice of careful titration into cookie cutter medicine – a point with which I am completely philosophically at odds… don’t get me started!

3. The genetics: about 1.5% of folks are 2D6 [the AMP pathway] ultra rapid metabolizers [UMs] as reported in many books such as Drug Interactions in Clinical Practice leaving practitioners with a challenging few that just can’t correct their ADHD on average doses, as they burn up the effectiveness just too fast. These individuals are often unhappy and disappointed, often with long unsuccessful trials of meds. For these folks only someone completely comfortable with those higher [notice I didn't say 'highest'] doses of medications [using the predictable, careful titration strategies outlined in multiple posts here at CorePsychBlog and at http://www.squidoo.com/vyvanse is recommended.

Best bet: talk these issues over with your doc, and see if he is comfortable with a little increase - if not perhaps they can suggest someone more experienced in your community to walk carefully down that path with you. Do shoot for the 12 hr duraton [DOE] as noted frequently in these blog posts. [Video on Vyvanse and DOE}

Interesting and common problem - just talked to some of the docs in CA last week about this very issue - thanks for sharing it with our readers.

cp

—>Tweet this post below! For ADHD Medications: Download complimentary white paper Precise Solutions now, – and get ready for the complete version of ‘The Patient’s Guide’ details to follow. Get Neurotransmitter Details Here

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6 comments Read the full article here →

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19 comments Read the full article here →

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